Exam III: Genres and Forms
Genres:

1. chaconne- Baroque form similar to the passacaglia, in which the variations are based on a repeated chord progression
   
2. passacaglia- Baroque form (similar to the chaconne) in moderately slow triple meter, based on a short, repeated base-line melody that serves as the basis for continuous variation in the other voices
   
3. prelude- instrumental work intended to precede a larger work (keyboard type)
   
4. toccata- virtuoso composition, generally for organ or harpsichord, in a free and rhapsodic style; in the Baroque, it often served as the introduction to a fugue (keyboard type)
   
5. fantasia- free instrumental piece of fairly large dimensions, in an improvisational style; in the Baroque, it often served as an introductory piece to a fugue (keyboard type)
   
6. fugue- polyphonic form popular in the Baroque era in which one or more themes are developed by imitative counterpoint
   
7. opera- music drama that is generally sung throughout, combining the resources of vocal and instrumental music with poetry and drama, acting and pantomime, scenery and costumes
   
8. sonata- instrumental genre in several movements for soloist or small ensemble
   
9. chamber music-
   
10. string quartet- chamber music ensemble consisting of two violins, viola and cello; also a multimovement composition for this ensemble
    
11. string quintet- standard chamber ensemble of two violins and cello or violin, viola, and cello
    
12. symphony- large work for orchestra, generally in three or four movements
    
13. concerto- instrumental genre in several movements for solo instrument (or instrumental group) and orchestra
    
14. mass (classical)- sacred music but performed in a concert hall; not necessarily for church
    
15. requiem- Roman Catholic Mass for the Dead; includes a ?dies irae? (chant whose text concerns Judgment Day)
    
16. oratorio- large scale dramatic genre originating in the Baroque, based on a text of religious or serious character, performed by solo voices, chorus, and orchestra; similar to opera but without scenery, costumes, or action
    
17. cantata- vocal genre for solo singers, chorus, and instrumentalists based on a lyric or dramatic poetic narrative; it generally consists of several movements including recitatives, arias, and ensembles numbers
    

1. fugue- polyphonic form popular in the Baroque era in which one or more themes are developed by imitative counterpoint
   
2. sonata form (or sonata-allegro form) - the opening movement of the sonata cycle, consisting of themes that are stated in the first section (exposition), developed in the second section (development), and restated in the third section (recapitulation).
   
3. sonata cycle- general term describing the multi movement structure found in sonatas, string quartets, symphonies, concertos, and large scale works of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
   
4. theme and Variation- compositional procedure in which a theme is stated and then altered in successive statements; occurs as an independent piece or as a movement of a sonata cycle.
   
5. minuet and trio- an A-B-A form (A=minuet; B=trio) (or A-B da cappo) in a moderate triple meter; often the third movement of the Classical sonata cycle
   
6. rondo- musical form in which the first section recurs, usually in the tonic; in the classical sonata cycle, it appears as the last movement in various forms, including A-B-A-B-A, A-B-A-C-A, and A-B-A-C-A-B-A
   
7. sonata-rondo form-
   
8. concerto form- structure commonly used in first movements of concertos that combines elements of Baroque ritornello procedure with sonata form
   
   

1. Exposition: theme 1-tonic; theme 2- in dominant or relative key(if theme 1 is major, then minor; if theme 1 is minor, then major); has a repeat sign at the end
   
2. Development: develop theme 1 and theme 2
   
3. Recapitulation: theme 1-tonic; theme 2- tonic
   

1. Exposition- theme 1 and 2- tonic, orchestra; theme 1- tonic, solo; theme 2- dominant/relative, solo
   
2. Development
   
3. Recapitulation- theme 1 and 2- tonic
   
4. Cadenza- ends with a trill on the dominant
   
5. Coda